What is Secondary Infertility?

“Secondary infertility is a condition where couples who have successfully conceived and delivered a child in the past are unable to do so again despite trying for a year or more. Although less talked about than primary infertility, secondary infertility is just as common and emotionally challenging for those affected.
There are several potential causes of secondary infertility. One major factor is age. As women age, their egg quality declines, even if they have previously had children. A woman who conceived easily in her late 20s may find it much harder to do so in her 30s or 40s. Hormonal imbalances, such as those caused by thyroid disorders or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can also contribute to difficulties in conceiving again.
For men, changes in sperm quality over time can affect fertility. Age, lifestyle factors like smoking or excessive alcohol consumption, and health conditions like diabetes can lower sperm count and motility.
Secondary infertility can also be caused by physical changes in the reproductive organs. Conditions like endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or scarring from a previous surgery or infection can obstruct conception. Additionally, weight gain, stress, and lifestyle changes after the birth of the first child may contribute to fertility struggles.
The emotional toll of secondary infertility can be profound. Couples may feel confused, frustrated, or guilty for not being able to conceive again. The societal assumption that having one child guarantees future pregnancies can lead to feelings of isolation and judgment.
Seeking medical advice early is crucial when dealing with secondary infertility. A fertility specialist can diagnose underlying issues and recommend appropriate treatments, such as lifestyle changes, medication, or assisted reproductive technologies like IVF.
Understanding secondary infertility is important for couples to get the right help and support. With medical advancements and emotional counseling, many couples can successfully expand their families despite these challenges.
(Dr Shreya Gupta, IVF Specialist, Birla Fertility & IVF, Lucknow)”